PCR

Find guides, protocols and helpful tips when performing the polymerase chain reaction (PCR).

Random primers, oligo(dT) and gene-specific primers for cDNA synthesis

Random Primers Or Oligo(dT) Primers For cDNA Synthesis?

Having extracted and assessed the total RNA from your samples, you now have the task of creating the first strand complementary DNA (cDNA). Sounds...
Agarose gel

Reasons Why Your PCR Reaction Does Not Work

We have all been there. You have been performing PCRs perfectly for weeks/months on end but now, for some bizarre reason, you see …...
Agarose gel comparison different concentrations

What Percentage Agarose Is Required For Electrophoresis?

In this article, I will explain how an agarose gel works to separate nucleic acids during electrophoresis. Also, I will discuss how to select...

qPCR Primer Efficiency Calculator

Below is a PCR primer efficiency calculator. All that is needed for the calculator is the slope of the standard curve during the serial...

How To Analyse qPCR Results With Multiple Reference Genes

A question that I often come across for those who are calculating relative gene expression values in qPCR is, how to go about using...

What Is ROX And Why Use It In qPCR?

To ROX or not to ROX? That is the question. I frequently see people confused about what ROX is and why it is used...

DNA Copy Number Online Calculator

Below is a calculator that can be used to estimate the number of copies of DNA, by simply entering the amount used and the...

How To Calculate DNA Copy Number For qPCR

In this article, I will show you how to calculate the DNA copy number for qPCR, by using the known amount and length of...
Qubit vs Nanodrop featured image

Qubit vs Nanodrop: Which Is Better?

When it comes to quantifying nucleic acids, there are two preferred main platforms: the Qubit and the Nanodrop. Both work slightly differently and have...
GC clamp example

What Is A GC Clamp In PCR Primers?

In this article, I will explain what a GC clamp is in relation to PCR primer design and why they may be useful to...